In optics, sensors and cleanroom electronics, a fastener's worst property is not strength — it is what it sheds. Cleanliness becomes a specification with numbers.
Drawing lubricant residue, plating salts from inadequate rinsing, packaging fibers and human handling each contribute particles and films. Under heat or vacuum, oils outgas and condense on lenses and sensors; particles liberated by assembly vibration migrate to wherever air moves them.
Cleanliness survives only as long as handling does: powder-free gloves, no cardboard near open bags, gasket-free storage. Topprecision supplies cleaned-and-bagged hardware for optics, medical and sensor customers, with cleanliness verification per lot and packaging options matched to cleanroom entry procedures.
| Parameter | Typical range | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Thread size range | M1.6–M24 standard, up to M64 special | Custom diameters available |
| Property class | 4.6–12.9 steel, A2-70/A4-80 stainless | Per ISO 898-1 / ISO 3506 |
| Surface finish | Zinc, Dacromet, PTFE, DLC, PVD | Matched to service environment |
| Production method | Cold heading + thread rolling | CNC turning for specials |
| Quality standard | ISO 9001, IATF 16949 | Batch traceability |
Toprecision manufactures precision fasteners in-house — send the drawing, service environment and annual volume. We will recommend the material, grade, coating and process that match the joint requirement. Request a fastener consult.
Technical cleanliness is measured by extracting particles from the fastener surface using a specified solvent (typically isopropanol or n-hexane), filtering through a defined membrane, and weighing or optically counting the retained particles. ISO 16232 and VDA 19.1 define the extraction method, particle size bins, and reporting units.
| Cleanliness Class | Max Particle Size | Max Particle Count per 100 cm² | Typical Application |
|---|---|---|---|
| AC 0 | ≤ 5 μm | 100 | Hydraulic valves, fuel injectors |
| AC 1 | ≤ 15 μm | 200 | Brake systems, steering |
| AC 2 | ≤ 25 μm | 500 | Engine fasteners, transmission |
| AC 3 | ≤ 50 μm | 1,000 | General industrial, EV battery |